Sciatica

Sciatica is pain caused by irritation or compression of the sciatic nerve, the longest and thickest nerve in the body. It originates in the lower back, from the L4 to S3 nerve roots, runs through the buttock, and travels down the back of the leg to the foot. It isn't a condition in itself but a symptom: it appears when a structure in the lumbar spine presses on or irritates this nerve.

The most common causes are a lumbar herniated disc, narrowing of the spinal canal (stenosis), a vertebra shifting out of place (spondylolisthesis), or tightness in the piriformis muscle, which can compress the nerve as it passes through the buttock. Excess weight, a sedentary lifestyle, sustained poor posture, and sudden movements while lifting heavy objects all increase the risk of it appearing.

Unlike general back pain, which tends to stay localized in the lower back, sciatica is marked by pain that radiates down the leg along the path of the nerve, usually accompanied by tingling, numbness, or a feeling of weakness in the affected leg.

Chiropractic adjustments and lumbar spine mobilization techniques can help reduce pressure on the sciatic nerve, improve mobility in the affected vertebrae, and naturally ease the pain.

Treatment is often combined with specific stretching and strengthening exercises and day-to-day postural guidance, tailoring the care plan to the underlying cause and severity of each case.